WebNazi German official Reinhard Heydrich was Heinrich Himmler s chief lieutenant in the paramilitary corps known as the Schutzstaffel (Protective Echelon), or SS. WebCzech Agents who had trained in Great Britain parachuted into German-occupied Czech territory to assassinate SS General Reinhard Heydrich in Prague.. Heydrich was the chief of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) in Berlinthe SS and police agency most directly concerned with implementing the Holocaust during World War II. Newspapers have carried strong editorials decrying his 'insensitivity' at wanting to restore a place 'from where orders for the deaths of thousands were given'. [40] As his power and influence grew throughout the 1930s, his wealth grew commensurately; in 1935 he received a base salary of 8,400 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 38,766 in 2021) and an allowance of 12,000 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 55,379 in 2021) and by 1938 his income increased to 17,371 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 77,580 in 2021), annually. [100] The black market was suppressed. Do not sell or share my personal information. Lina Heydrich (born Lina Mathilde von Osten; June 14, 1911 August 14, 1985) was the wife of assassinated SS-Obergruppenfhrer Reinhard Heydrich, a central figure in Nazi Germany. [76] The title of Chef der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD (Chief of Security Police and SD) or CSSD was conferred on Heydrich on 1 October. Reynard Heydrich lived in the lower castle and his family continued to live there until the Red Army forced them out in 1945. Eberstein met Heydrich at the railway station and took him to see Himmler. He said: 'I don't have a problem. [23], As a result of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles as well as Germany's large war debt, hyperinflation spread across Germany and many lost their life savings. Heydrich's date of enlistment in 1931 was early enough to quell suspicion that he had joined only to further his career, but was not early enough for him to be considered an Old Fighter. [87][88] Among the 100,000 people murdered in the Intelligenzaktion operations in 19391940, approximately 61,000 were members of the Polish intelligentsia: scholars, clergy, former officers, and others, whom the Germans identified as political targets in the Special Prosecution Book-Poland, compiled before the war began in September 1939. Lina's older brother Hans had joined the Nazi Party and was a member of the Sturmabteilung (SA). [152], All but four of the women from Lidice were deported immediately to Ravensbrck concentration camp (four were pregnant they were subjected to forced abortions at the same hospital where Heydrich had died and the women were then sent to the concentration camp). Butcher of Prague: 7 Facts About the Heinrich Himmler was born on October 7, 1900 to a middle-class family in Munich, Germany. Many historians regard Heydrich as one of the darkest figures within the Nazi regime;[5][6][7] Adolf Hitler described him as "the man with the iron heart". Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Brother of Reinhard Klaus* Heydrich; Private and Private. Soon after a chance introduction to Himmler, Heydrich was entrusted with the organization of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD; Security Service), the intelligence and surveillance arm of the SS. Wearing Polish uniforms, 150 German troops carried out several attacks along the border. We had to deal with expelling immigrants and traitors. [136] Hitler attended and placed Heydrich's decorationsincluding the highest grade of the German Order, the Blood Order Medal, the Wound Badge in Gold, and the War Merit Cross 1st Class with Swordson his funeral pillow. He avoided capture and returned to Berlin after being rescued by a patrol. Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich The decision by Heider Heydrich, his son, to help rebuild the dilapidated castle in Panenske Brezany, near Prague, where he once lived has provoked fury. With Hitler striving for absolute power in Germany, Himmler and Heydrich wished to control the political police forces of all 17 German states. Reinhard Heydrich, in full Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich, byname The Hangman, German Der Henker, (born March 7, 1904, Halle, Germanydied June 4, 1942, Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now in Czech Republic]), Nazi German official who was Heinrich Himmlers chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel (Protective Echelon), the paramilitary corps commonly known as the SS. Heider Heydrich, now 76, made an offer to the Panenske Brezany municipality to 'find finances' for the reconstruction of the chateau where he also lived. This led to the sweeping use of Schutzhaft"protective custody", a euphemism for the power to imprison people without judicial proceedings. Lina Mathilde Heydrich [82], By late 1940, German armies had invaded most of Western Europe. [22] However, there is very little documentation of this, beyond a single postcard he received. An individual portrait of Reinhard Heydrich [FHM 2002.001.035] is also part of the Perpetrators series. He helped organise Kristallnacht, a series of coordinated attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on 910 November 1938. He learned the piano and violin by the time he was six years old. In early 1936, Heydrich left the Catholic Church in favour of the Gottglubig movement. [21] Heydrich stated he joined the Deutschvlkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund (National German Protection and Shelter League), an antisemitic organisation. Reinhard Heydrich, also known as The Butcher, rose to be Obergruppenfhrer of the notorious S.S. in Nazi Germany. [52], Hermann Gring founded the Gestapo in 1933 as a Prussian police force. HEYDRICH Lutze was appointed SA's new head and it was converted into a sports and training organisation. Assassinated by a Czech commando squad trained in Britain in 1942, his name is still reviled to this day. In 1926 he advanced to the rank of ensign (Leutnant zur See) and was assigned as a signals officer on the battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein, the flagship of Germany's North Sea Fleet. He received good evaluations from his superiors and had few problems with other crewmen. [1] After World War II ended, she published a memoir in 1976. Reinhard Heydrich: In Depth Reinhard Heydrich Biography He was appointed SS chief for Berlin in 1934, and when Himmler became chief of all German police forces in 1936, Heydrich took charge of the SD, the criminal police, and the Gestapo. ': James Bond fans convinced they know who is set to play next 007 after Hollywood actors drop MAJOR hint, Saboteurs wreck Russian train cut power cables 37mi from Ukraine, Woman dancing in the street films moment gunman opens fire, 'We're not your enemies!' Notes from the meeting on the solution of Jewish Questions held on 10.10.1941 in Prague", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2: Letter of 18 September 1941 from Himmler to Reichsstatthalter Greiser", "Grave of top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in Berlin", "Reinhard Heydrich: A Devil With Many Faces", Documents concerning the Wannsee Conference, Director of the Reich Main Security Office, List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust, Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion, National Political Institutes of Education, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Heydrich&oldid=1151613285, German military personnel killed in World War II, Holocaust perpetrators in Bohemia and Moravia, Infectious disease deaths in Czechoslovakia, Recipients of the German Order (decoration), Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Krantz (mother), This page was last edited on 25 April 2023, at 03:29. [122], Earlier on 31 July 1941, Hermann Gring gave written authorisation to Heydrich to ensure the co-operation of administrative leaders of various government departments in the implementation of a "Final Solution to the Jewish question" in territories under German control. WebCourtesy of the United State Holocaust Memorial Museum. He suffered major injuries to his diaphragm, spleen, and one lung, as well as a broken rib. This left Lina at home with the children and having to run the household alone. Updates? He was the director of the music conservatory in Halle, which he had founded in 1901. Rhm was shot without trial, along with the leadership of the SA. Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich[8] was born in 1904 in Halle an der Saale to composer and opera singer Richard Bruno Heydrich and his wife, Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Heydrich (ne Krantz). She kept several dozen prisoners at the estate for forced labour. WebHeydrich's third name, "Eugen", was his late maternal grandfather's forename (Eugen Krantz had been the director of the Dresden Royal Conservatory). Kubi received a minor shrapnel wound to his face. Many of Heydrich's fellow cadets falsely regarded him as Jewish. chapter 59: return to the capital - Wattpad [132] A splenectomy was performed, and the chest wound, left lung, and diaphragm were all debrided. Later, in the Soviet Union, they were charged with rounding up and murdering Jews via firing squad and gas vans. [149] Hitler ordered a quick investigation. [63] Himmler immediately reorganised the police into two groups: the Ordnungspolizei (Order Police; Orpo), consisting of both the national uniformed police and the municipal police, and the Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police; SiPo), consisting of the Geheime Staatspolizei (Secret State Police; Gestapo) and Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police; Kripo). [160] His service record also gives him credit as a Navy Reserve Lieutenant, but in 1931 he was dismissed for conduct unbecoming an officer with loss of rank, and during World War II he had no contact with the Navy Reserve. WebI fondamenti ideologici Heinrich Himmler in uniforme da Reichsfhrer-SS. He combined repressive measures and mass executions with an attempt to mollify Czech peasants and workers by improving social and economic conditions. Many historians regard him as the evilest of the Nazi elite, and Hitler referred to him as the man with the iron heart.. She further won the right to receive a pension as the result of a series of court cases against the West German government in 1956 and 1959. Eberstein met Heydrich at the train station and took him to see Himmler. In September 1941 Heydrich had been appointed Reichsprotektor (governor) of Bohemia and Moravia (now in the Czech Republic). Stalin ordered one of his best NKVD agents, General Nikolai Skoblin, to pass Heydrich false information suggesting that Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky and other Soviet generals were plotting against Stalin. 1942), The History Learning Site - Biography of Reinhard Heydrich, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Reinhard Heydrich, Reinhard Heydrich - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [13] The family lived there until April 1945 when they, along with many other Germans left the area to flee the advancing Soviet Red Army. Heydrich was one of the organisers of Kristallnacht, a pogrom against Jews throughout Germany on the night of 910 November 1938. Reinhard Heydrich was the protector of Czechoslovakia, which was renamed the province of Bohemia and Moravia by the Nazis. The explosion ripped through the right rear fender and wounded Heydrich, with metal fragments and fibres from the upholstery causing serious damage to his left side. [113] On 21 September 1939, Heydrich sent out a teleprinter message on the "Jewish question in the occupied territory" to the chiefs of all Einsatzgruppen with instructions to round up Jewish people for placement into ghettos, called for the formation of Judenrte (Jewish councils), ordered a census, and promoted Aryanization plans for Jewish-owned businesses and farms, among other measures. Halle was not spared. Son of Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth* Anna Heydrich (Krantz) Husband of Lina Mathilde Heydrich Father of Reinhard Klaus* Heydrich; Heider Heydrich; Private and Private Brother of Maria Barthel and Heinz* Siegfried Heydrich Heydrich's third name, "Eugen", was his late maternal grandfather's forename (Eugen Krantz had been the director of the Dresden Royal Conservatory). His mother was Heydrich's godmother. [130][131], A Czech woman went to Heydrich's aid and flagged down a delivery van. [11], Their fourth child, a daughter named Marte (born 23 July 1942) was born shortly after Reinhard Heydrich's death. The project was named Operation Reinhard after Heydrich. WebIn The Hangman and His Wife, Nancy Dougherty, and, following her death, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, masterfully explore who Heydrich was and how he came to be, and how he came to do what he did. Courtesy of Stephen and Irene Parris. During Kristallnacht in November 1938, Heydrich ordered the arrest of thousands of Jews by the Gestapo and the SS and their imprisonment in concentration camps. Intelligence falsely linked the assassins to the towns of Lidice and Leky. Upon his arrival in Prague, Heydrich sought to eliminate opposition to the Nazi occupation by suppressing Czech culture and deporting and executing members of the Czech resistance.