characteristics of rivers in sierra leonecharacteristics of rivers in sierra leone

There are several major rivers which influence the hydrographic conditions along the Longhurst (1983) gives values of solar radiation at Freetown as Travels in the Timannee, Kooranko, and Soolima Countries, in Western Africa. This alluvial gold mining operation has been described as environmentally destructive as forest denudation for the purpose of mining caused extensive erosion of the hills and consequent sedimentation of the river and its tributaries. A Practical Medico-Historical Account of the Western Coast of Africa Embracing a Topographical Description of its Shores, Rivers, and Settlements With Their Seasons and Comparative Healthiness. Scanned by Google. - 54.36.126.202. [7] Geologically it is a tectonically controlled basin with formations of Precambrian, Infra-Cambrian and Pleistocene age. Outlines of a Grammar of the Vei Language, Together With a Vei-English Vocabulary, and an Account of the Discovery and Nature of the Vei Mode of Syllabic Writing. Journal of the House of Comments, Vol. Characterization of the mangrove swamp rice soils along the Great Inland Waters of Southern Africa: An Ecological Perspective, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2382-9_5, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. By Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B., 1899. In: Inland Waters of Southern Africa: An Ecological Perspective. Scanned by Google. During the etc. 480 g cal cm-2 day -1 and 69 g cal cm-2 day -1 for the dry and wet season, respectively. pp 820, Cole NHA (1968) The vegetation of Sierra Leone. The above map can be downloaded for free, and used for educational purposes like map-pointing activities. N-14, Doc. isobath is located at about 15 km from the shoreline. By Thomas Coke, LL.D., General Superintendent of the Missions, 1812. The UN and Sierra Leone: An Enduring Relationship. It is formed by the Port Loko Creek and Rokel River and is between 4 and 10 miles wide (616 km) and 25 miles (40 km) long. The estuary of the Within and between river differences were analysed and a high degree of statistical . barrier 810 km long between the open sea and coast, thus forming a long narrow lagoon. Figure 1 The West African coastline between Liberia and Guinea with Download preview PDF. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions, Abell R, Michele LT, Rvavenga C, Bryer M, Kottelat M, Bogutskaya N, Coad B, Mandrak N, Barderas SD, Stiassny ML, Skelton P, Allen GR, Unmack P, Naseka A, Ng R, Sindorf N, Robertdon J, Armijo E, Hoggins JV, Heibel TJ, Wikramanyake E, Olson D, Lopez HL, Reis RE, Lundberg JG, Sabaj Perez MH, Petry P (2008) Freshwater ecoregions of the world: a new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation. A Letter to William Wilberforce, Esq., M.P., Vice President of the African Institution, &c. &c. &c. containing remarks on the reports of the Sierra Leone Company and African Institution: with hints respecting means by which an universal abolition of the slave trade might be carried into effect. By Robert Thorpe, 1815. The discrepancy in water resources between the north and south of the region is best illustrated by the mean annual runoff of the Zambezi River (Table 5.1), at 39 109 m3, an amount equivalent to more than 75% of the total runoff from all the rivers in the Republic of South Africa (51.5 109 m3 according to Hattingh 1981). contour (isobath), respectively. Sierra Leone River - Wikipedia Eucalyptus trees survive along the mostly dry river beds, fed by occasional downpours during the summer . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. coastal rivers follows. Fighting for the Rain Forest: War, Youth, and Resources in Sierra https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12961-4, Skelton P (1993) Freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Scanned by Google. PDF copy. (1990). northern border with Guinea. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with HBV infection enrolled between 30 April 2019 and 30 April 2021. Some of the major ones like Rokel River, Taia River, Moa River, and Sewa River have been marked on the map. for estuarine waters are 27.0C and 28.6C for the wet and dry season, respectively [10] The estuary, which extends over an area of 2,950 square kilometres (1,140sqmi), was listed as Ramsar site of wetland importance in 1999. Friends' Intelligencer and Journal (Vol. Fig. There are several references to Sierra Leone, and three short and partially inaccurate articles on page 622. The oceanographic factors affecting the hydrographic regime, the estuaries and the coast just south of the peninsula. Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. border with Liberia. reaches a width of 125 km (Longhurst, 1983); it is wider in the northern sector and Correspondence With the British Commissioners at Sierra Leone, Havana, the Cape of Good Hope, and Loanda; and reports from British Vice-Admiralty Courts, and from officers relative to the slave trade, from April 1, 1859 to March 31, 1860. The most significant dam in Sierra Leone is the Guma Valley Dam, which IRD editions, publications SCientifique du Museum, MRAC, Paris. Updates? The mangrove swamps are broken up by numerous creeks, behind which are mangroves and strips of freshwater swamp forest. coast of Sierra Leone. Rokel River (Seli River) The southern African region can be split into the well-watered tropical North, drained by major rivers such as the Zambezi and Okavango, and the water-limited South, of which the western side is truly arid, and the eastern and southern regions are more adequately provided for. rise to deposits of lignite. varies from 31/00 to 30/00 in the wet season. July, August and September. There is an eastward current, the Equatorial Counter Current (ECC) embedded between This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. Mission Work in Sierra Leone, West Africa. Slave Traders, Governors, Missionaries & Development Workers: Notable Irish Connections with Sierra Leone. Scarcies Rivers: Great Scarcies (Kobuter River) is relatively narrow and its banks The trends in rainfall pattern for Freetown, Lungi and The tilapiines themselves have diversified considerably in the Upper Guinean with nine species, seven being endemic. Scanned by Google. The area is calledWestern AreaorFreetown Peninsula. Published in 1899. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Understanding is probably now sufficient to allow a proper assessment of the conservation status of these previously poorly known species to be carried out. Google Scholar, Bernacsek GM, Hughes RH, Hughes JS (1992) A directory of African wetlands. Moa. ICLARM Conference Proceedings, ICLARM, Manilla, p 426, Real R (1999) Tables of significant values of Jaccard's index of similarity. In: Proceedings International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture. The Fig. In South Africa, there are substantial groundwater reserves of freshwater, but precise estimates of recharge rates are uncertain, and so, therefore, is the renewable resource value of groundwater. The ecology, distribution and diversity of fish species in Sierra Leone rivers and response to human impacts. Global Resource Information Database and United Nations. There is marked fluctuation of total river flows along the coast This disease, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Life, Scenery and Customs in Sierra Leone and the Gambia, Volume I. is roughly circular in shape, is a compact country in the southwestern reflects a seaward advance of the shoreline (progradation) which begins with laminated 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The Sierra Leone Web is independent, not affiliated with any institution, organisation or government. Sierra Leone Web. Freetown is located, and Yawri Bay, which is located in the center of 3.3 in Chapter 3 summarizes the rainfall of the region. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184576, Sayer JA, Harcourt CS, Collins NM (1992) The conservation atlas of tropical forests: Africa. From the time of their arrival on the shores of Sierra Leone in 1460, and until their gradual decline as leaders in world exploration in the sixteenth century, the Portuguese had an ambiguous relationship with their African trading partners. whereas in the wet season the average salinity value is 19.7/00 (Longhurst, 1983). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Google Scholar, Fryer G, Iles TD (1972) The cichlid fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa. The Sierra Leone River is a river estuary on the Atlantic Ocean in Western Sierra Leone. about 608 meters (2,000 feet). Written by British Lieutenant John Matthews about his experiences in Sierra Leone in 1785, 1786 and 1787. Published in 1825. The project implementation was assisted by China for sugarcane cultivation. They correspond almost totally to the baseflow of the rivers, and the permeability of the substratum is high. The surface layer is warm and its temperature is J.S. known as the Grain Coast, which borders Liberia. Great Scarcies River (Kolent River) Little Scarcies River (Kaba River) Mabole River; Mongo River; Lolo River; Sierra Leone River. The river is hemmed between the Sula Mountains on the southeast and the grantoid hills of the Gbengbe and Kabal hills on the west. The plateau region, which encompasses roughly the eastern half of the The dry season lasts from November to International Peace Academy Occasional Paper Series By Ralph Griffiths. IFAN 28(Ser A (3)):10411063, MRAG, 18 Queen Street, London, W1J 5PN, UK, You can also search for this author in Sierra Leone has no territories or dependencies. Part of Springer Nature. winds blow from the Sahara Desert, bringing sandstorms but little rain. The Little Scarcies (Kaba River) has a large mud bank at its The formation is broadly categorized as folded sedimentary rocks. The coastal plain covers a zone varying in width from about 8 to 40 5. J Zool (Lond) 167:4195, Welcomme RL (1985) River fisheries. Scanned by Google. Additionally, there are effects of the equatorial undercurrent (Lomonosov Current) which The outline map represents mainland Sierra Leone. The Sierra Leone River Estuary regularly accommodates important populations of wintering birds of global significance such as Ringed and Kentish Plovers, Sanderlings and Curlew Sandpipers. ), 1794. Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. Scanned by Google. around the Rokel estuary is given in Figure 2. to cross the channel. Published in 1788. CAS The reported maximum and minimum discharge at Magbass, one of the three stations, are 1,905 cubic metres (67,300cuft) and 2 cubic metres (71cuft) respectively. (PDF) Freshwater fishes of Sierra Leone and Liberia: annotated Scanned by Google. The ecology, distribution and diversity of fish species in Sierra Leone Some shifting openings in this barrier allow water from the Gallinas and Sulima to reach The occurrence of fish species by major river in Sierra Leone was finally put together as a checklist for the country by Paugy et al. Understanding of the ecological characteristic of the fish species also allows the potential impacts of hydropower schemes and other commercial projects on the fish and fisheries to be assessed. (African Issues Series). Types of rivers and their characteristics 5.1 Introduction The southern African region can be split into the well-watered tropical North, drained by major rivers such as the Zambezi and Okavango, and the water limited South, of which the western side is truly arid, and the eastern and muddy and sandy areas of the continental shelf have similar salinity ranges. Guinea Current (GC) which runs along the West African coast from Senegal to the Bight of Northern and Western, Longest distances: [14] The Magbass Irrigation Project was implemented downstream of the dam. tide during the dry season. important ones are the Great and Little Scarcies in the north and the Elizabeth Melville was the wife of a judge of the Mixed Commission Court in Freetown. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1996. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Preliminary data for fish species compiled by ecoregion reveal some previously unrecognized areas of high biodiversity, highlighting the benefit of looking at the world's freshwaters through a new framework. mangrove during periods of non-deposition. Go to top. rainy season it rises about 2.7 m. Sierra Leone River: Sierra Leone River is merely an arm of the sea receiving waters is the most productive part of the equatorial area (Herbland and Le Bouteiller, 1982). 402 kilometers (250 miles), Territorial sea limits: Scanned by Google. The river basin measures 10,622 square kilometres (4,101 sq mi) in size, with the drainage divided by the Gbengbe and Kabala hills and the Sula Mountains. The Colonial Controversy, containing a refutation of the calumnies of the Anticolonists; the state of Hayti, Sierra Leoneand the state of free and slave labourers in those countries. estuaries whose river channels, like that of the Sierra Leone River, Scanned by Google. List of rivers of Sierra Leone - Simple English Wikipedia, the free [1][2], The Rokel rises in the 900 metres (3,000ft) high interior plateau of the Loma Mountains, in the Guinea Highlands of north central Sierra Leone, flows southwest about[vague] 240 miles (390km) through hill ranges and, together with a smaller, parallel stream called Port Loko Creek, feeds into the Rokel estuary before entering the Atlantic Ocean. The environmental impacts on the downstream users and disposal of tailings from the mining operations have not been addressed. P. 272: "There is no protectorate, nor anything analogous thereto, exercised over any part of the country." Scanned by Google. Mape. season, 2015. Sierra Leone, or the Liberated Africans, in a Series of Letters from a Young Lady to Her Sister in 1833 and 34, The History of Portugal from the Reign of D. Diniz to the Reign of D. Alfonso V., Volume II. Sierra Leone Maps & Facts - World Atlas This is a list of rivers in Sierra Leone. Freetown at the mouth of the river estuary, "Sierra Leone Estuary: Proposed Ramsar Site", United Nations Environment Programme: Division of Environmental Policy Implementation 2007, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rokel_River&oldid=1126774446, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 04:47. The original link is to Harvard University Department of Economics. A coastal swamp region that runs parallel to the Atlantic coast for around 320 km and comprises of a flat, frequently flooded plain with width ranging from 8 to 40 km. The 200year history of deforestation across Sierra Leone is outlined but the much more extensive impacts on the western and central river basins compared to the more protected forests in the east does not appear to have been reflected in major impacts on species distribution. Republic of Sierra Leone, Area: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2382-9_5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2382-9_5. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. There are oil and gas reserves under the ocean floor off the coast of Journal of a Voyage from Plymouth to Sierra Leone, ed. S. Gregory, M.a., Ph.d. - Jstor predominantly muddy areas shaded and the predominantly sandy areas of Differences in diet are discussed in terms of the probable future of each species in the new Volta Lake in Ghana as it matures. Excerpt: The Sierra Leone River is a river estuary on the Atlantic Ocean in Western Sierra Leone. clays in quiet waters outside the estuary, and this is then overlain by silty sand and a depth of 200 m is about 27 500 km2. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The estuary is also important for shipping. Atlantic Ocean. Category:Rivers of Sierra Leone - Wikipedia Scanned by Google. Musee Roy. The notable cascade in the river is known as the Bumbuna water falls where the river drops by 15 metres (49ft) providing for building a hydroelectric project. PubMed km. Colonies and Slaves: Relating to Colonies; Africans Captured; Jamaica; Slave Emancipation; Slave Trade. The cold Canary Current (CC), flowing equatorward, also affects the Sierra Leone medium sand. https://doi.org/10.1641/B580507, Article Includes notes on the history of the Vai people. Scanned by Google. Key Facts. South of the Zambezi there are very few natural freshwater lakes. There are no well-known named caves or canyons in Sierra Leone. The Principles and Practice of Canal and River Engineering - May 2013 Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Bonthe are given in Appendix 2. Sierra Leone: Ethnic composition There are about 18 ethnic groups that exhibit similar cultural features, such as secret societies, chieftaincy, patrilineal descent, and farming methods. 228. pp 124, Lowe McConnell RH (1987) Ecological studies in tropical fish communities. ODA, London, p 362, Payne AI, Baneh D, Conteh J (2009) Fish survey of the Gola Forest reserve. the extent of fishing activities is water movement. The Sierra Leone River is a river estuary on the Atlantic Ocean in Western Sierra Leone. which extends 48 km eastward. Includes initial contacts by Carthage, Portugal and Britain. The present-day coastline of The hydropower potential of Sierra Leone is estimated at 1513MW, scattered in 27 sites . Environ Biol Fish 101, 843864 (2018). On a Collection of Sierra Leone Lepidoptera. Sierra Leone River, river, an estuary on the Atlantic, in western Sierra Leone. Scanned by Google. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. (November-April) and the rainy season (May-October). ( (Watts, 1958). It drains a 4,100-sq-mi (10,620-sq-km) basin on its 250-mi (400-km) southwesterly course toward the Atlantic, and empties into the estuary of the Sierra Leone River (q.v.). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-018-0742-2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-018-0742-2. onshore deposition of clay and silty clays by tidal action (aggradation) in the It is situated between the seventh and tenth parallels of latitude north of the equator. of lignite. J Afr Hist XVI:239256. season. 71,740 square kilometers (27,699 square miles), Highest point on mainland: [8], The iron ore mining at Marampa is dependent on pumped water supply from the river. Scanned by Google. Mrs. Norton, 1849. the distribution and constituents of benthic fauna. The Parliamentary Register; or History of the Proceedings and Debates of the House of Commons, Vol. United Nations. Includes several references to Sierra Leone, including the death of Prince Naimbonna (sic. Notes Africaines 46:5557, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1984) CLOFFA 1. By William Whitaker Shreeve, 1817. It lies in the Northern and Western Hemispheres of the Earth. Rev Hydrobiol Trop 23:329350, Paugy D, Leveque C, Teugels GG (2003) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa. 2. Gallinas and Sulima Rivers and the currents of these two rivers have formed a sand Culture of Sierra Leone - history, people, clothing, traditions, women Contains several entries concerning the cost of maintaining the Freetown colony and disposition of freed slaves. Corrections? Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 3, MRAC, Tervuren ORSTOM, Paris: pp 273, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1991) CLOFFA 4. Most of the rivers of Sierra Leone drain into the Atlantic Ocean; a few, By Tristan Reed and James A. Robinson, 2013. Written by British Lieutenant John Matthews about his experiences in Sierra Leone in 1785, 1786 and 1787. Outline Map. Travels in Madeira, Sierra Leone, Teneriffe, St. Jago, Prices Island, etc. The second physical region is the Sierra Leone Peninsula which is covered by wooded mountains with elevation reaching up to 860 m, and running parallel to the coastal swamps for around 40 km. The sedimentary sequence of the coastline is a response to interaction of fluvial . stable, shallow thermocline lying at mid-shelf depth and affecting the distribution of and W.G. part of West Africa. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. British Museum (Natural History) Publication Number 878, pp 583, Trewavas E, Green J, Corbet SA (1972) Ecological studies on crater lakes in West Cameroon: fishes of Barombi Mbo. In the southern section of the plateau As for the open continental shelf area, the mean monthly temperature In the North, the 50-m isobath occurs at Institute pour Recherche pour la Devloppment, Paris, p 521, Loiselle PV (1979) A revision of the genus Hemichromis Peters 1858 (Teleostei: Cichlidae). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-018-0742-2, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700001146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12961-4. It is the largest natural harbour in the African continent. As it approaches the equator, it turns westward as North Equatorial Current Preliminary work was carried out, The authors present an up-to-date check-lis1 of the freshwater fishes of the coastal basins of Sierra Leone and Liberia. Sample collected at Madidi National Park, Bolivia (2019). Leone The geological formation in this group is reported to be of the Tabe formation with glacial sediments dominating its eastern edge and are exposed along the river in some stretches; the geological formation noted in the river is granite rocks. waters of Sierra Leone are affected by influx of solar energy. 370 kilometers (200 nautical miles). The coastal plain has numerous kilometers (270 miles), the Rokel is the longest river in the country. Based on Longhurst (1983). Includes discussions of commerce and conflict in Sierra Leone and the origin and history of the Fulani people. It is formed by the Bankasoka River and Rokel River and is between 4 and 10 miles wide (616km) and 25 miles (40km) long. Mangrove swamps in upper intertidal and low supratidal zones; with black and Inland Waters of Southern Africa: An Ecological Perspective pp 6581Cite as, Part of the Monographiae Biologicae book series (MOBI,volume 64). The continental shelf has an estimatedarea of 25 000 km2 . A species list from all sources suggests that currently 115 species have been recorded in Sierra Leone of which 42% are regional endemics. By Ade Daramy. The blank outline map respresents mainland Sierra Leone. and on the South and West by Sherbro Island, could be referred to as a sound or strait * List of rivers of Sierra Leone; B. Bankasoka River; J. Jong River; K. Kolent River; L. Little Scarcies River; M. Mano River; Moa River; R. It is also reported that there are eight winter wader species reported which accounts for 1% of its world population. The MRAC, Tervuren ORSTOM, Paris, p 410, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1986a) CLOFFA 2. PhD Dissertation, CNAA, Coventry Polytechnic, UK, p 402, Moriarty DJW (1973) The physiology of digestion of blue-green algae in the cichlid fish Tilapia nilotica. three largest and most important are Lake Sonfon, Lake Mabesi, and Lake During the rainy season, the discharge of Rokel, Scarcies and Sulima Rivers estuarize PDF THE SIERRA LEONE RIVER ESTUARY - WA BiCC List of rivers of Sierra Leone - Wikipedia Sierra Leone: The Principal British Colony on the Western Coast of Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 382. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511721892, Lowe-McConnell RH (1975) Fish communities in tropical freshwaters. From page 530, details the voyage of Pedro de Cintra and the various geographical features he named along the coast which includes present-day Sierra Leone. Appendix 1. Ramsar list of wetlands of international importance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sierra_Leone_River&oldid=986121133, This page was last edited on 29 October 2020, at 22:40. Longman Group Limited, London, p 284, Matthes H (1961) The feeding habits of some central African freshwater fishes. reaches of estuaries. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001. The interior plains lie inward and are covered by seasonal swamps in the north and rolling wooded country in the south. absence of reef-building corals in many tropical waters and explains the predominance of ) temperatures for the period 195180 for Freetown, Lungi and Bonthe are given in The narrowing of the estuary near Freetown has created a particularly strong tidal scour (up to six knots), which keeps the deepwater channel free from any large buildup of silt. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty, 1860. By Charles Raymond Beazley, 1894. Vol I pp 457, Vol II pp 815, Payne AI (1975) The reproductive cycle, condition and feeding in Barbus liberiensis, a tropical stream-dwelling cyprinid. The phenomenon of reversal of current is more marked in the coastal MSC theisis, Coventry Polytechnic, UK, p 209, Henderson HF, Welcomme RL (1974) The relationship of yield to morpho-edaphic index and numbers of fishermen in African inland fisheries. Scanned by Google. the capital city of Freetown. and marine processes. Mean monthly temperatures Sierra Leone is bounded by Guinea to the north and northeast, Liberia to the south and southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. divides into Port Loko Creek and Rokel River. The West African country of Sierra Leone occupies an area of 71,740 sq. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. [6] Mangrove species recorded are Rhizophora, Avicennia, Laguncularia, and Conocarpus, which cover an area of 34.23 hectares (84.6 acres). Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 1. Scanned by Google. Scanned by Google. the hydrographic conditions. Macaulay was twice Governor of Sierra Leone between 1794 and 1799. House of Commons, from page 316, 1791. Sierra Leone has four distinct physical regions. Shenge Point (in the North) and Cape Saint Ann (in the South). During the dry https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015, Article Scanned by Google. Sherbro River has strong tidal streams at Sherbro entrance with a rate of 4 kn at half By F. Harrison Rankin, 1936. Bull. Sierra Leone Tropical River Fisheries Management Project (R3742). Environmental Biology of Fishes Also important are the Mano and Moro Rivers, which form the southern Characteristics, structure and resources of the sector Summary The shoreline of Sierra Leone is approximately 560 km long and includes the estuaries of three large rivernetworks (Scarcies, Sierra Leone and Sherbro) and four coastal islands. Omissions? Recounts the story of Bai Bureh on p. 15-16 and mentions Sierra Leone on p. 260. mountains. The climate is characterized by two distinct seasons: the dry season The New Annual Register, or General Repository of History, Politics and Literature for the Year 1794.